Disaster

Disaster is the widespread destruction of life and property

Disaster May be defined as natural or man made event which result in large scale loss of life and property.

Disaster , can be either sudden in nature or occur gradually

e.g. flood may be either sudden or gradual 

Disasters are generally categorised under two heads 

viz. Natural disasters and Man- made disasters

•Natural 

1) Earthquakes , volacanoes , land slides , Tsunami waves , Floods , droughts , cyclones , cold waves , snowfalls , hails , thunderstorms

•Man made

Natural Hazards:

Landslides , soil erosion, Droughts , water logging

Social Hazards: 

Like war , epidemics , nuclear explosions , terrorism , accidents

Biological hazards:

Population explosion, Non-curable diseases

Natural disasters are such events which occur naturally like earthquakes, Tsunami waves , floods 

Man made disasters are such events which occur mainly due to human activities like road accidents.

Natural Disasters/ Calamities:

Earthquakes:

Earthquake. is the sudden shaking of the Earth's surface caused by abrupt release of slowly accumulating stress.

Tectonic plates found in the interior of the earth collide with each other due to their movement and cause earthquake

✓ The place of origin of earthquake is called 'focus' which lies deep inside the earth

✓ The intensity of earthquake is measured on Richter scale from 0 to 9 .

✓ For the first time Charles Richter of America made a scale to study earthquake which is known as Richter scale .

Landslide:

Landslide is the sudden downward movement of land or rocks due to gravitational forces in mountainous or hilly regions.

* Rainfall or Snowfall is the major cause of landslide but human activities like mining and deforestation are also responsible.

Effects:

  A) Landslide blocks the roadsand virtually crushes everything in its path

B) It blocks the river and the occurrence of flood

C) It causes a great loss of life and property

D) Communication system is severely damaged

E) Agriculture, Poultry are also affected 

Floods

Floods means the submergence of an area due to heavy rains , overflowing rivers , cyclones , tsunamis , melting of snow or dam burst .

•In India heavy rains and lanslides are responsible for more than 58% of all disaster loss 

• Deforestation increases the frequency and intensity of floods as the absence of trees leave no obstruction in the path of the river

• Bangladesh is a highly flood prone country

Effects: 

1) The mud houses and huts and even the pakka concrete buildings are washed off by flood streams 

2) The roads , railway tracks , bridges , cables , electric poles  are also badly affected and sometimes flown away with flood water

3) The standing crops are damaged and destroyed

4) Power lines and communication and transportation systems are badly affected

5) The decomposition of organic materials results in foul odour and avails the favourable environment for the spread of malaria , Diarrhoea, cholera like diseases

6) Ecosystem in the area is affected

Drought :

Drought is the specific type of condition for a particular region where the amount of rainfall is either scanty , nil or below the normal over a longer period

Effects:

A)Crop failure due to water crisis

B) Famine due to loss of crops

C) Large scale of dealth due to starvation

D) Rise of inflation due to shortage of supplies

E) Drying up of Wells , Falling of ground water level , shortage of water in the river

F) Loss of timber 

G) Widespread unemployment

Cyclones:

A  cyclone is an area of low atmospheric pressure characterised by inward spiralling winds that rotate counter clockwise in northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere of the earth

Cyclones are generally associated with high speed winds and heavy rainfall

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Vaishnavi Nimkar 🌾❤️

Love of my life #Agriculture❤️🌾