Organic Farming

What is Organic Farming:

    Organic Farming is the use of agricultural production system relient on green manure , compost , biological pest control and crop rotation to produce crop , livestock and popularity.

•OBJECTIVE OF ORGANIC FARMING:

1) Increase genetic diversity

2) Promote more use of natural pesticides

3)Make sure the right soil cultivation at the right time 

4) Keep and built good soil structure and fertility

5) Control pest ,diseases and weeds 

TYPES OF ORGANIC FARMING:

1) Pure Organic Farming:

It involves the use of organic manures and bio pesticides with complete avoidance of inorganic chemical and pesticides.

2) Integrated Organic Farming:

It  involves integrated nutrient management and integrated pests management  It is the type of farming where you grow crops from natural resources.

TECHNIQUES OF ORGANIC FARMING:

• Crop Rotation:

It is technique to grow various kinds of crops in the same area z according to different season in a sequential manners.

• Green manure: 

It refers to the dying plants that are uprooted and turned into the soil to make them act as a nutrient for the soil to increase its quality.

• Biological Pest Control:

With this method we use living organisms to control pests with or without the use of chemicals .

Compost:

Highly rich in nutrients it is a recycled organic matter used as a fertilizer in the agriculture farms .

✓METHOD OF ORGANIC FARMING:

1) Soil Management:

Organic agriculture initiates the use of bacteria that is present in organic waste. The bacteria helps in making the soil nutrients more productive and fertile

Weed management:

Weed is unwanted plant that grows in agricultural fields.

The two most widely used  weed management techniques are ....,

a) Mulching :

A process where we use plastic films or plant residue on the surface of the soil to block the growth of weed.

 b) Mowing or cutting:

Where there is a removal of weeds of top growth 

3) Crop Diversity:

• Monoculture: is the practice used in the agriculture fields where we harvest and cultivate only one type of crop in a particular place .

Recently polyculture has come in existence where we harvest and cultivate kinds of crops 

4) Contolling other organisms:

There ar both useful and harmful organism in the agricultural farm which affect the field. We can do this by the use of Herbicides and pesticides that contain fewer chemicals or are natural 

✓HISTORY OF ORGANIC FARMING:

• Organic Farming is the oldest agricultural practice, was practice even more than 10000 years ago 

•  As per Ramayana all dead things returned to the earth that in nourish soil and life. 

Mahabharat: Kamdhenu 

The role of cow in human life and soil fertility 

Kautilya Arthasashtra : Several manure like oil cake and extrta of animal

Rigved: Green manure , use of dung of Goat , sheep and cow 

Birhat sanhita :

Methods of choosing manure for crops and Manuring .

Sir Albert Howord is commonly regarded as the Father of Organic Agriculture 

• Difference between the Organic and Inorganic farming:

Organic Farming

1)Based on ecological orientation

2) Improve soil fertility

3) No problems like air , water , soil pollution

4) GMO are not allowed

5) Irrigation requirements are used

6) Uses biofertilizer

7) Harmony with nature 

8) Improve ecosystem

9) Manually weeds are removed here

10)Restraint of nature

Inorganic Farming:

1) Based on Chemical orientation

2) Deteriorate soil fertility 

3) Pollution problems are present

4) GMO are used

5) Intensive irrigation

6) Uses chemical fertilizers

7) Domination of nature 

8) Exploitation of nature 

9)Impact Ecosystem

10) Weeds are controlled through herbicides

IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIC FARMING:

1) The environment benefits because natural habitat sources are less threatened

2) It provides helthier food for people

3) The soil is in better condition because of manure used

PROS OF ORGANIC FARMING:

1) High Nutrition values:

2) Better taste

3) Improved human health 

4) Environmental sustainability

5) Food Security

CONS OF ORGANIC FARMING:

1)The diminished Productivity in long term

2) Time consuming

3) Skills 

4) Organic products are extremely expensive

5) Lacks the flexibility of utilizing GMO advantages

Sikkim model 

✓ On 9 January 2016 honorable prime minister declared Sikkim as a first organic state of India

✓ The state was awarded with a citation from agriculture today in the year 2009 for the 'Outstanding performance in Horticulture 

2016 - Sikkim is formally declared as 100% Organic State

Now Sikkim is Organic model of India

GOVERMENT INITIATIVE FOR ORGANIC FARMING:

 1)  MIDH - Mission for Integrated development of Horticulture

2) PKVY- Paramparagat krishi vikas yojana

3) National project for organic Farming

4) State adopting organic farming

5) National centre for Organic Farming

6) ICAR contribution in promoting organic Farming

7) Promotion of the use of biofertilizer

8) Soil Health card 

9) National agriculture market

10) National mission for sustainable Agriculture

11) Pradhanmantri fasal Bima yojana

12) Gramin Bhandaran yojana

BENEFITS: Ecological

1) Produces healthy soil

2) Fight against effect of global warming

3) Combat erosion 

4) Water health

5) Discourage algal bloom 

6) Animals health

7) Encourage biodiversity

BENEFITS - ECONOMICAL

1) Reduction in production cost

2) Increased farmers income

3) Better purchasing power

4) High exports meaning 

5) Poverty eradication

✍️Agricos 

Vaishnavi Nimkar 🌾🌱