Insect Pests of Vegetables

Insects Pests of Vegetables:
1) Fruit fly 
Dacus cucurbitae 
Family-  Tephritidae 
Order- Diptera
Food - Cucurbitaceous plants 

✓The females lay eggs in shoft fruits, A cavity is made by the sharp ovipositor and about a dozen white cylindrical eggs are laid, mostly in the evening time .
✓ The eggs hatch in 1-9 days and maggots bore into the pulp forming galleries galleries
✓ The attacked fruits decay because of secondary bacterial infection
✓ After maturity the maggots drop down from fruits and pupate into the soil
2) Red pumpkin beetle 
Raphidopalpa sp.
Family - Chrysomelidae 
Damaging stage - Adult and grub
✓ Beetles are destructive to young plants , they injure the cotyledons, flowers and foliage by biting holes in them
✓ Grubs bore the roots ,  underground stems and some time fruits touching the soil
3) Brinjal borer
Leucinodes orbonalis 
Family- Pyralidae 
The terminal shoot is attacked and the growing points are killed . They may bore flower buds and fruits also 
The caterpillar may destroy 4-6 fruits
4) Hadda beetle:
Epilachna dodecastigme 
Family: Coccinelidae
✓Adult and grub both are responsible for damage , they cause damage to plants of Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae especially to Brinjal and tomato by feeding the upper surface of leaves .
5) Jassids (Leaf hoppers)
Amrasca devastans 
Family: Cicadellidae 
✓ It is popularly known as leaf hopper
✓ It is a important pests of potato and lady's finger 
✓ They suck up sap from plant leaves and tender parts . Both adult and nymph cause damage
✓ They secrete a toxin which causes hopper burn in plants 

6) Tomato fruits borer
Helicoverpa armigera 
✓It is a major pest of tomato 🍅
✓For its control Marigold may be transplanted with tomato which attracts the natural enemies in large numbers
✓The ETL of this pest in tomato is 8 egg/ plants 
✓For the control of the pest Trichogramma brasiliensis can be used@ 50000/ ha at a a interval of a weak at least 6 times 
✓Use of HaNPV @ 250LE/ha + 0.25 % boric acid gives satisfactory result
7) Diamond - black moth
Plutella xylstella 
Lepidoptera
Family - Ponomeutidae
✓ The caterpillars damage leaves of cabbage , cauliflower, rapeseed abd mustard
✓ This pest has become resistant to insecticides
Mustard is used as trap crop 
✓ For control of this pest in cabbage Neem seed kernal extract 4% can be sprayed at the head formation stage at the interval of 15 days twice or thrice .

Agricos 🌱🌾
✍️Vaishnavi Nimkar 



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